01 - Preheat your oven to 400°F.
02 - Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the chopped onion, carrots, celery, and minced garlic. Sauté for 5 minutes until softened and fragrant.
03 - Add ground beef to the skillet. Cook, breaking apart with a spoon, until browned throughout, approximately 6-8 minutes.
04 - Stir in tomato paste and cook for 2 minutes to develop flavor. Add canned tomatoes, oregano, basil, bay leaf, salt, pepper, red wine if using, and sugar. Mix well to combine.
05 - Reduce heat and let the sauce simmer uncovered for 20-25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until thickened. Remove and discard the bay leaf.
06 - While sauce simmers, bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Add pasta and cook until al dente according to package directions. Drain thoroughly.
07 - Transfer cooked pasta to a large mixing bowl. Pour the prepared Bolognese sauce over the pasta and toss gently until evenly coated.
08 - Lightly grease a 9 x 13 inch baking dish. Spread the pasta mixture evenly in the dish. Sprinkle mozzarella and Parmesan cheeses across the top in a uniform layer.
09 - Bake in preheated oven for 15-20 minutes, or until cheese is melted and golden brown with bubbling sauce around the edges.
10 - Remove from oven and let the dish rest for 5 minutes before serving to allow the sauce to set slightly.